{"id":2258,"date":"2018-11-15T16:51:48","date_gmt":"2018-11-15T21:51:48","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.actionti.com\/publications\/que-savez-vous-des-gafa-batx-et-natu\/"},"modified":"2018-11-15T16:51:48","modified_gmt":"2018-11-15T21:51:48","slug":"que-savez-vous-des-gafa-batx-et-natu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/actionti.com\/en\/publications\/que-savez-vous-des-gafa-batx-et-natu\/","title":{"rendered":"Que savez-vous des GAFA, BATX et NATU?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Par Alain Fortier<\/h4>\n

Les organisations regroup\u00e9es sous ces trois acronymes fa\u00e7onnent notre quotidien. Ces piliers de la nouvelle \u00e9conomie (aussi appel\u00e9s \u00ab\u2009g\u00e9ants du Web\u2009\u00bb) bousculent le statu quo et remettent en question les mod\u00e8les d\u2019affaires \u00e9tablis. Pour mieux encadrer les bouleversements, l\u2019Europe met \u00e0 mal l\u2019optimisation fiscale des GAFA<\/u><\/a>. Derri\u00e8re la Grande Muraille, la croissance des BATX mine une domination mondiale des GAFA<\/u><\/a>. \u00c0 l\u2019\u00e9chelle mondiale, les NATU am\u00e8nent les l\u00e9gislateurs \u00e0 durcir les r\u00e9glementations<\/u><\/a>. Pour vous permettre de mieux comprendre ces acronymes et les changements qu\u2019ils repr\u00e9sentent, voici une courte initiation aux combinaisons d\u2019entreprises qui structurent l\u2019\u00e9conomie mondiale.<\/p>\n

GAFA (Google, Apple, Facebook, Amazon)<\/h4>\n

Les GAFA sont constitu\u00e9es de ces entreprises qui ont r\u00e9invent\u00e9 l\u2019information. Jusqu\u2019\u00e0 maintenant cantonn\u00e9es dans l\u2019h\u00e9bergement de contenu, elles \u00e9largissent d\u00e9sormais la port\u00e9e de leurs activit\u00e9s avec la production de films, de t\u00e9l\u00e9s\u00e9ries ou de nouvelles. Au moment o\u00f9 la consommation de contenu sur Internet s\u2019accentue, les m\u00e9dias traditionnels se mobilisent pour d\u00e9noncer cette situation<\/u><\/a>. En Europe, Margrethe Vestager, commissaire europ\u00e9enne \u00e0 la Concurrence, malm\u00e8ne les GAFA<\/u><\/a>. En position de domination, les pratiques d\u2019affaires utilis\u00e9es par ces derni\u00e8res sont remises en question.<\/p>\n

De son c\u00f4t\u00e9, le monde de l\u2019assurance doit composer avec l\u2019arriv\u00e9e d\u2019investisseurs comme Google dans leur domaine<\/u><\/a>. L\u2019alliance conclue entre Amazon et Aviva France pour offrir le paiement par Amazon PAY \u00e0 ses clients repr\u00e9sente une premi\u00e8re incursion \u00e0 cet effet pour certains acteurs de l\u2019industrie<\/u><\/a>. En r\u00e9sum\u00e9, Jeff Bezos r\u00e9sume assez bien ce qui anime ces entreprises \u00ab\u2009Vos marges sont mes opportunit\u00e9s\u2009!<\/u><\/a>\u00a0\u00bb.<\/p>\n

BATX (Baidu, Alibaba, Tencent, Xiaomi)<\/h4>\n

Pour faciliter les comparaisons, les BATX, g\u00e9ants orientaux de l\u2019information, sont parfois identifi\u00e9s comme les GAFA chinois. Ce raccourci fait souvent fi de la port\u00e9e des activit\u00e9s et du nombre d\u2019abonn\u00e9s actifs des BATX<\/u><\/a>. Dans la course \u00e0 l\u2019intelligence artificielle, le gouvernement chinois appuie Baidu dans la conception et la promotion de sa plateforme Apollo pour la conduite autonome de v\u00e9hicules<\/u><\/a>. Cette initiative a su attirer plus de 100 partenaires locaux et internationaux de renom comme les constructeurs automobiles chinois Beijing Automotive (BAIC), l\u2019allemand Daimler et l\u2019am\u00e9ricain Ford.<\/p>\n

Avec 800 millions d\u2019usagers de la solution num\u00e9rique de paiement WeChat Pay, Tencent vient de conclure une entente pour \u00e9tendre son offre au march\u00e9 am\u00e9ricain<\/u><\/a>. En comparaison, Apple Pay d\u00e9nombre 127 millions d\u2019usagers pour sa solution<\/u><\/a>. Une autre donn\u00e9e permettant d\u2019appr\u00e9cier les entr\u00e9es en capitaux des g\u00e9ants chinois du num\u00e9rique\u00a0: le site d\u2019Alibaba a g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9 des b\u00e9n\u00e9fices de 30,8 milliards de dollars en une seule journ\u00e9e, dont 1 milliard en 85 secondes<\/a><\/u>.<\/p>\n

NATU (Netflix, AirBnb, Tesla, Uber)<\/h4>\n

\u00c0 l\u2019exemple des GAFA, les NATU bouleversent plusieurs secteurs de l\u2019\u00e9conomie avec des mod\u00e8les d\u2019affaires innovants<\/u><\/a>. Certaines organisations en \u00ab\u2009briques et mortier\u2009\u00bb choisissent de compl\u00e9ter ou de bonifier l\u2019exp\u00e9rience des consommateurs en combinant leur offre. Par exemple, la collaboration entre Uber et des centres commerciaux am\u00e9ricains se concr\u00e9tise par la mise en place d\u2019espace r\u00e9serv\u00e9 avec une signalisation sp\u00e9cifique pour des points de rencontre. Dans une volont\u00e9 commune d\u2019am\u00e9liorer l\u2019exp\u00e9rience client, la mise en place des salons (lounge<\/em>) Uber est explor\u00e9e pour augmenter la valeur per\u00e7ue.<\/p>\n

L\u2019innovation d\u00e9montr\u00e9e par les entreprises natives du num\u00e9rique comme les NATU est c\u00e9l\u00e9br\u00e9e pour l\u2019adoption et la promotion de partenariats comme les espaces de coworking<\/em> et les incubateurs<\/u><\/a>. L\u2019entreprise Uber a m\u00eame inspir\u00e9 le terme \u00ab\u2009ub\u00e9riser\u2009\u00bb pour d\u00e9signer le mod\u00e8le de mise en relation entre les professionnels et les clients par une plateforme num\u00e9rique<\/u><\/a>. Ces perturbateurs ont remodel\u00e9 les modes de consommation et les r\u00e9f\u00e9rences.<\/p>\n

Les GAFA, BATX et NATU chambardent et \u00e9branlent les certitudes. \u00c0 plusieurs niveaux, les b\u00e2tisseurs du num\u00e9rique bousculent les cadres \u00e9tablis. Les organismes priv\u00e9s et publics s\u2019inspirent de leurs approches, tant en gestion des technologies qu\u2019en management. En r\u00e9sum\u00e9, l\u2019\u00e9volution des mod\u00e8les d\u2019affaires de ces acteurs num\u00e9riques n\u00e9cessite une veille active pour bien saisir les opportunit\u00e9s et les menaces qu\u2019ils apportent.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Par Alain Fortier Les organisations regroup\u00e9es sous ces trois acronymes fa\u00e7onnent notre quotidien. Ces […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":29672,"featured_media":1578,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[62],"class_list":["post-2258","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-actualite"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nQue savez-vous des GAFA, BATX et NATU? | R\u00e9seau Action TI<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/actionti.com\/publications\/que-savez-vous-des-gafa-batx-et-natu\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Que savez-vous des GAFA, BATX et NATU? | R\u00e9seau Action TI\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Par Alain Fortier Les organisations regroup\u00e9es sous ces trois acronymes fa\u00e7onnent notre quotidien. 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